Editors are responsible for managing the entire editorial process and making publication decisions based on scholarly merit.

Editors are expected to:

• evaluate submitted manuscripts objectively based on their scientific quality, originality, methodological rigor, and contribution to the advancement of knowledge;
• ensure that submitted manuscripts fall within the scope of Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan;
• maintain the confidentiality of all information related to submitted manuscripts;
• evaluate manuscripts without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, nationality, institutional affiliation, or political beliefs;
• avoid conflicts of interest throughout the editorial process;
• appoint reviewers with appropriate expertise relevant to the subject matter of the manuscript;
• take appropriate action when ethical concerns arise, including suspected plagiarism, data fabrication, data falsification, duplicate publication, citation manipulation, or other forms of publication misconduct; and
• publish corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern whenever necessary to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

Reviewers play an essential role in maintaining the scientific quality of published articles through objective peer review.

Reviewers are expected to:

• provide objective, constructive, and evidence-based evaluations;
• review manuscripts only within their areas of expertise;
• maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts under review;
• refrain from using unpublished information for personal or professional benefit;
• submit their reviews within the agreed review period;
• disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may affect the objectivity of their review;
• identify relevant published works that have not been cited by the authors; and
• report to the editors any suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, data manipulation, or other research or publication misconduct.

Authors are responsible for the originality and integrity of the manuscripts submitted to the journal.

Authors are required to comply with the following ethical standards.

1. Originality. Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works that have not been previously published or simultaneously submitted to another journal.
2. Research Reporting. Research findings must be reported honestly, accurately, comprehensively, and transparently without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate manipulation of data.
3. Authorship. Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial scholarly contributions to the research. All listed authors must approve the final version of the manuscript before submission.
4. Plagiarism. Authors must avoid all forms of plagiarism, including:
   • direct plagiarism;
   • mosaic plagiarism;
   • self-plagiarism; and
   • the use of figures, tables, or data without proper attribution.

   All sources must be appropriately acknowledged and cited in accordance with accepted academic standards.

5. Multiple or Redundant Publication. Authors must not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously or publish substantially similar research without proper justification.
6. Data Availability. Authors are encouraged to retain the original research data and make them available upon reasonable request for verification purposes whenever appropriate.
7. Conflict of Interest. Authors must disclose any financial, institutional, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that could influence the research findings or the publication process.
8. Research Funding. All sources of financial support and research funding must be fully acknowledged in the manuscript.
9. Research Involving Human Participants. Research involving human participants must comply with applicable ethical standards. Where appropriate, authors must obtain ethical approval from the relevant ethics committee, secure informed consent from participants, and protect participants’ privacy and confidentiality.
10. Errors after Publication. If authors discover significant errors or inaccuracies in their published work, they are obliged to notify the editors promptly and cooperate in issuing corrections or retractions where appropriate.

The publisher is responsible for:

• supporting the editorial independence of the journal;
• ensuring the sustainability of journal publication in accordance with recognized publication ethics standards;
• facilitating the resolution of alleged publication misconduct; and
• preserving the integrity of the scholarly record through the publication of corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern whenever necessary.

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan employs a double-anonymous peer review system, in which the identities of both authors and reviewers remain concealed throughout the review process.

Each submitted manuscript undergoes the following stages:

1. initial editorial screening for compliance with the journal’s scope and submission requirements;
2. similarity checking using plagiarism detection software;
3. peer review by at least two independent reviewers; and
4. editorial decision based on the reviewers’ recommendations.

Editorial decisions may include:

• Accept;
• Minor Revision;
• Major Revision; or
• Reject.

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan investigates all allegations of publication misconduct in accordance with the COPE guidelines.

Publication misconduct includes, but is not limited to:

• plagiarism;
• self-plagiarism;
• data fabrication;
• data falsification;
• duplicate publication;
• citation manipulation;
• authorship manipulation;
• fraudulent peer review; and
• undisclosed conflicts of interest.

If misconduct is confirmed, the editors may:

• request clarification from the authors;
• require revisions;
• reject the manuscript;
• retract the published article; or
• notify the authors’ affiliated institutions when deemed appropriate.

All submitted manuscripts are screened using plagiarism detection software before entering the peer review process.

If unacceptable similarity or evidence of plagiarism is identified, the editors reserve the right to reject the manuscript or retract a published article following an appropriate investigation.

Editors, reviewers, and authors must disclose any conflicts of interest that could compromise the objectivity of the publication process. Individuals with conflicts of interest shall not participate in editorial or publication decisions related to the manuscript concerned.

To maintain the integrity of the scholarly record, the journal may publish:

• Corrections (Errata or Corrigenda);
• Retractions;
• Expressions of Concern; and
• Editorial Notes.

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan is committed to promoting ethical, transparent, and responsible scholarly publishing in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. All allegations of publication misconduct will be handled professionally, objectively, fairly, and in accordance with established editorial procedures.